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Christianity in the 1st century deals with the formative years of the Early Christian community. The earliest followers of Jesus composed an apocalyptic Jewish sect, which historians refer to as Jewish Christianity.〔McGrath, p. 174〕 The Apostles dispersed from Jerusalem, founding the Apostolic Sees, presumably following the Great Commission's decree to spread the teachings of Jesus to "all nations". Peter, Paul, and James the Just were the most influential early Christian leaders,〔Dunn, p. 577〕 though Paul's influence on Christian thinking is said to be more significant than any other New Testament authors,〔''Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'' ed. F. L. Cross (Oxford) entry on Paul〕 but the relationship of Paul of Tarsus and Judaism is still disputed today. The split of early Christianity from Judaism was gradual, as Christianity became a predominantly Gentile religion. Christian restorationists propose that the 1st century Apostolic Age represents a purer form of Christianity that should be adopted in the church as it exists today. ==Life and ministry of Jesus == The ministry of Jesus, according to the account of the Gospels, falls into a pattern of sectarian preachers with devoted disciples. After being baptized by John the Baptist, Jesus preached for a period of one to three years in the early 1st century AD. Jesus' method of teaching involved parables, metaphor, allegory, sayings, proverbs, and a small number of direct sermons such as the Sermon on the Mount. His ministry was ended by his execution at the hands of the Roman authorities in Jerusalem. His surviving disciples then followed the Great Commission to spread the teachings of Jesus to "all nations". Christians believe that three days after his death, Jesus rose bodily from the dead.〔Grant, p.176〕〔Maier, p.5〕〔Van Daalen, p.41〕〔Kremer, pp.49–50〕 Early works by Jesus' followers document a number of resurrection appearances〔Gundry〕〔Weiss, p.345〕〔Davies, pp.305–308〕〔Wilckens, pp.128–131〕〔Smith, p.406〕 and the resurrection of Jesus formed the basis and impetus of the Christian faith.〔Johnson, p.136〕〔Ludemann, p.8〕〔Wright, p.26〕 His followers wrote that he appeared to the disciples in Galilee and Jerusalem and that Jesus was on the earth for 40 days before his Ascension to heaven〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Christ's Life: Key Events )〕 and that he will return to earth to fulfil aspects of Messianic prophecy, such as the resurrection of the dead, the last judgment and the full establishment of the Kingdom of God, though Preterists believe these events have already happened. The main sources of information regarding Jesus' life and teachings are the four canonical gospels, and to a lesser extent the Acts of the Apostles and writings of Paul. Christianity's popularity is largely founded and based on one central point found in these Gospels: that Jesus died and rose from death as God's sacrifice for human sins.〔Catechism of the Catholic Church, Loyola University Press, #651-655, pp. 170-171.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Christianity in the 1st century」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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